Proctoscopy is a diagnostic procedure in which a doctor uses a long, flexible tube with a light to examine the rectum and lower colon, identifying potential digestive tract issues like rectal bleeding, haemorrhoids, and rectal polyps.
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Why is Proctoscopy Done?
Proctoscopy is typically recommended if a patient experiences symptoms such as:
Rectal bleeding: Find blood in the stool or on toilet paper.
Bowel habits changes such as diarrhea or frequent bowel movements.
Prolonged haemorrhoids: Swollen veins in the rectum.
Unexplained anal symptoms or discomfort.
Proctoscopy is also used to diagnose conditions like:
Haemorrhoids.
Tears in the anal skin (Anal fissures)
Rectal cancer or colon polyps.
Inflammatory bowel disease like ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease
Rectal infections.
How is Proctoscopy Done?
The proctoscopy procedure is typically performed in a doctor’s office or clinic and takes about 5–10 minutes.
Step 1: Preparation
Patients may need to empty their bowels using a laxative or enema before the procedure.
During the procedure, the patient lies on their side in a lateral position, with knees bent toward the chest.
Step 2: Inserting the Proctoscope
The doctor carefully inserts the proctoscope into the anus and guides it into the rectum.
A small amount of air may be introduced to expand the rectum for better visibility.
Step 3: Examination
The doctor examines the rectal walls and may collect biopsy samples or remove polyps for further testing.
Images or videos may be taken to document findings.
Step 4: Completion
The proctoscope is removed carefully.
Mild discomfort, such as bloating or pressure, may be felt but subsides quickly.
What to Expect After Proctoscopy?
After the procedure, patients may experience mild symptoms, including:
Abdominal bloating due to air used during the exam.
Minor rectal tenderness.
Most individuals can resume normal activities immediately. If a biopsy or polyp removal was performed, follow your doctor’s care instructions.
Why is Proctoscopy Important?
Proctoscopy is crucial for early detection of rectal cancer, haemorrhoids, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Early diagnosis enables effective treatment and prevents severe complications. This procedure is an invaluable tool for maintaining digestive health and addressing lower gastrointestinal issues.
The procedure is usually not painful, but you may feel discomfort or a sensation of pressure as the proctoscope is inserted. Local anesthesia may be used in some cases for comfort.
Most people can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure, although some may experience mild discomfort or gas due to air used during the examination.
No, a colonoscopy examines the entire colon, while a proctoscopy only looks at the rectum and the lower part of the colon. A colonoscopy requires sedation and takes longer, while proctoscopy is quicker and usually doesn't need sedation.