What is Proctoscopy?
Proctoscopy is a diagnostic procedure in which a doctor uses a long, flexible tube with a light to examine the rectum and lower colon, identifying potential digestive tract issues like rectal bleeding, haemorrhoids, and rectal polyps.
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Why is Proctoscopy Done?
It is typically recommended if a patient experiences symptoms such as:
- Rectal bleeding: Find blood in the stool or on toilet paper.
- Anal pain or discomfort in the rectal area.
- Chronic constipation: Difficulty passing stool regularly.
- Rectal itching or irritation.
- Bowel habits changes such as diarrhea or frequent bowel movements.
- Prolonged haemorrhoids: Swollen veins in the rectum.
- Unexplained anal symptoms or discomfort.
It is also used to diagnose conditions like:
- Haemorrhoids.
- Tears in the anal skin (Anal fissures)
- Rectal cancer or colon polyps.
- Inflammatory bowel disease like ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease
- Rectal infections.
How is Proctoscopy Done?
The rectoscopy procedure is typically performed in a doctor’s office or clinic and takes about 5–10 minutes.
Step 1: Preparation
- Patients may need to empty their bowels using a laxative or enema before the procedure.
- During the procedure, the patient lies on their side in a lateral position, with knees bent toward the chest.
Step 2: Inserting the Proctoscope
- The doctor carefully inserts the proctoscope into the anus and guides it into the rectum.
- A small amount of air may be introduced to expand the rectum for better visibility.
Step 3: Examination
- The doctor examines the rectal walls and may collect biopsy samples or remove polyps for further testing.
- Images or videos may be taken to document findings.
Step 4: Completion
- The proctoscope is removed carefully.
- Mild discomfort, such as bloating or pressure, may be felt but subsides quickly.
What to Expect After Proctoscopy?
After the procedure, patients may experience mild symptoms, including:
- Abdominal bloating due to air used during the exam.
- Minor rectal tenderness.
Most individuals can resume normal activities immediately. If a biopsy or polyp removal was performed, follow your doctor’s care instructions.
Why is Proctoscopy Important?
It is crucial for early detection of rectal cancer, haemorrhoids, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Early diagnosis enables effective treatment and prevents severe complications. This procedure is an invaluable tool for maintaining digestive health and addressing lower gastrointestinal issues.
